Types of Thermal Flow | Metamorphosis | SILVER,water flow meter

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1. Groundwater thermal coupling simulation FEFLOW modeling

Groundwater thermal coupling simulation FEFLOW modeling requires a systematic mastery of software operation, theoretical methods, and practical skills. The core steps include model construction, parameter setting, boundary condition definition, solver configuration, and result analysis. The specific implementation process is as follows:

I. Model construction and mesh generation geometric model import support DXF, Shapefile and other formats to import boundary, stratum interface and heat source distribution data of the study area. Ensure that the geometric data topology is correct to avoid calculation errors caused by self intersection or gaps. The grid generation strategy adopts a mixed triangular/quadrilateral grid, and the heat source area or geological interface needs to be locally densified (grid size ≤ 1/10 of the thermal diffusion length). Dynamic grid technology can optimize computational efficiency, but it is necessary to verify grid independence (by comparing the results of different density grids with a difference of ≤ 5%).

2. Parameter Setting and Equation Coupling Hydrogeological Parameter Permeability Coefficient (K): It needs to be determined through pumping tests or numerical inversion. For anisotropic formations, Kx, Ky, and Kz should be set separately.

. Porosity (n): affects the groundwater storage capacity, usually ranging from 0.1 to 0.4. Water supply degree (μ): a parameter in the unsaturated zone, which can be calculated through the soil moisture characteristic curve. Thermophysical parameter thermal conductivity (λ): rock values are 1-5 W/(m · K), water values are 0.6 W/(m · K), and the influence of temperature on thermal flow

λ needs to be considered (nonlinear model). Specific heat capacity (c): rock values range from 800 to 1000 J/(kg · K), while water values are 4200 J/(kg · K). Volume specific heat capacity (ρ c): Calculated by multiplying density (ρ) with specific heat capacity, it is necessary to distinguish between solid and liquid phases. The coupling equation selection is explicit coupling: first calculate the water flow field, and then substitute it into the heat transfer equation, which is suitable for steady-state problems. Implicit coupling: Simultaneously solving the equations of water flow and heat transfer requires iterative calculations, suitable for transient problems. In FEFLOW, the coupling method is set through the "Process Coupling" module, and it is recommended to use the Picard iteration method (convergence standard ≤ 1e-5).

III. Boundary Conditions and Initial Conditions Water Flow Boundary Fixed Head Boundary: Suitable for open water bodies such as rivers and lakes, a function of water level variation over time needs to be set.

. Fixed flux boundary: To simulate precipitation infiltration or evaporation, surface flux data (m/d) is required. Waterproof boundary: achieved by setting a minimum permeability coefficient (such as 1e-10 m/s). Thermal boundary constant temperature boundary: Simulate geothermal anomalies or artificial heat sources, and provide temperature time series. Heat flux boundary: applicable to solar radiation or geothermal convection, requiring calculation of surface heat flux (W/m2). Convective heat transfer boundary: Correlation between water flow velocity and heat exchange coefficient through Nusselt number. Initial condition: The initial water level field can be generated by interpolati

Types of Thermal Flow | Metamorphosis

1. Groundwater thermal coupling simulation FEFLOW modeling

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